Golestan palace
Golestan Palace is a name given to a part of the historical grounds that was later recognized as "Royal Citadel of Tehran". This name was taken from a hall in the current Golestan Palace and belonged to the reign of Fath Ali Shah Qajar, which became popular during the era of Naser al-Din Shah under the title of "Blessed Buildings of Golestan" and was used in official ways under the name of Golestan Palace during the reign of Muzaffar al-Din Shah. This palace dates back to before the Qajar period. The first foundation of Golestan Palace in Tehran was laid during the Zandiyeh period.
A look at the historical area of Golestan Palace
Golestan Palace, like all the traditional houses of Iran, after some time had passed since its foundation, was formed on the basis of two outer and inner parts, and entrances and communication channels were installed to enter them, which made access to those parts possible. The inner part (to some extent in the current location of the Ministry of Finance) on the northern front, at the time of its development, consisted of a large courtyard with a royal dormitory building in the middle and small and large houses around it. The outer part of Golestan Palace itself was also divided into two parts by a narrow building from north to south:
Dar al-Hukomah or Diwankhaneh, which was a rectangular garden (including the marble throne porch and the arena in front of it and probably behind it)
And the other is a square garden which is Golestan garden.
The junction and communication channel between the external and internal areas of the royal residence was a building with a central courtyard called Khlutkhaneh Karimkhani, which played the role of a vestibule between these spaces and led the audience through corridors to the interior and two exterior spaces of Dar al-Hukoma and Golestan Bagh. The Golestan garden was actually considered the outer residence of the king and the inner spaces, and its function was different from the courtyard of the marble throne or Darul-Hokumeh. Dar al-Hukoma or marble throne porch was also the seat of the king's enthronement and the holding of public ceremonies and the place of government. However, the atmosphere of Golestan Biruni Garden was royal inside, and it responded to his more private meetings and sometimes he allowed people inside. Nowruz greetings and religious holidays were once held in this garden with the participation of Khawases and princes, and then the general ceremony was held in Diwankhaneh Takht Marmar.
Golestan Palace tiling
Wall tiling is one of the most prominent arts that can be seen in Golestan Palace. In the Qajar period, due to the great interest of the kings and artists of the Qajar court to western concepts and the increasing connection with the western world, a trend towards western art can be seen in all fields, as well as tile work.
In the tile work of the Golestan Palace complex, a kind of duality can be seen in the designs and themes. On the one hand, it is a tendency towards traditional and original Iranian motifs, and on the other hand, it is a separation and distance from it and a tendency towards western artistic styles or the context of modernity. This style of tiling is called "seven colors". The execution of this tiling requires less time and cost than the mosaic tiling.
